自治區住建、人社部門聯合(he)出臺(tai)意(yi)見(jian)，治理農民工工資被拖欠(qian)“頑疾”

工(gong)程款未到(dao)不能作欠(qian)薪(xin)借口

-南國早報記者(zhe) 徐慶成 實習生 張薈(hui)

被欠薪(xin)一(yi)直是農民工最(zui)頭疼的(de)問(wen)(wen)題。8月(yue)28日，記者(zhe)從自治區(qu)住(zhu)房和(he)城鄉建(jian)設廳了解到，該廳聯合自治區(qu)人(ren)力資源和(he)社會保障廳共同下發《關于(yu)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)解決房屋建(jian)筑(zhu)和(he)市政(zheng)工程領域(yu)拖欠農民工工資問(wen)(wen)題的(de)實(shi)施意見的(de)通知》（以下簡稱《通知》），全面治理欠薪(xin)“頑疾”。今后，工程款未到也不能再當作欠薪(xin)借口(kou)。

規范支付(fu)

不能(neng)以工程款不到位為由欠薪

現(xian)狀：每到年底，不(bu)少(shao)民工(gong)都因(yin)工(gong)程(cheng)款不(bu)到而拿(na)不(bu)到工(gong)資。開發(fa)商或總承(cheng)包商拖欠小包頭(tou)的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)款，導致(zhi)小包頭(tou)發(fa)不(bu)了工(gong)資，最終(zhong)殃及(ji)一線工(gong)人。

規(gui)定(ding)：今后，工(gong)程款不(bu)到位(wei)不(bu)能(neng)成為(wei)拖欠(qian)的借口。《通知》明確，各企業不(bu)得以工(gong)程款未到位(wei)等為(wei)由克扣或(huo)拖欠(qian)農民工(gong)工(gong)資，不(bu)得將合(he)同應收(shou)工(gong)程款等經營風險(xian)轉嫁給農民工(gong)。

如果建(jian)設單(dan)位或(huo)施工(gong)(gong)企業沒有按合同約定及時劃撥工(gong)(gong)程款導致拖欠農民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資，由其以(yi)未結清的工(gong)(gong)程款為限，先行墊(dian)付(fu)農民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資。

若是將工程違法(fa)(fa)發包、轉(zhuan)包，違法(fa)(fa)分(fen)包或掛靠導致拖欠，由(you)建(jian)設單位或施(shi)工企業(ye)依法(fa)(fa)承擔(dan)清償責任。

實名管理

農民工入(ru)場前須簽訂勞動合同

現狀：勞動關系難以(yi)確定(ding)，工(gong)資數額難以(yi)認(ren)定(ding)，是(shi)導致被(bei)拖欠農民工(gong)工(gong)資難以(yi)追(zhui)討(tao)的(de)一(yi)大(da)原(yuan)因。

規定：《通知(zhi)》要求，全區(qu)房屋建筑和市政工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)目的各(ge)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、分包及勞(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)合作(zuo)企業(ye)，須依(yi)法與招用的農民工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)訂立勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)合同(tong)。農民工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)入場作(zuo)業(ye)前，必須先簽訂勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)合同(tong)。而且，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)合同(tong)不(bu)得由他人（如工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)目部、項(xiang)目經理、包工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頭、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)業(ye)班組等(deng)不(bu)具備主(zhu)體(ti)資格的用工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)體(ti)）代簽。

同時，我區全(quan)面推行施工現(xian)場作(zuo)業人(ren)員(yuan)實(shi)(shi)名制務工。今后，主管部門(men)一(yi)旦發(fa)現(xian)沒有落實(shi)(shi)用工實(shi)(shi)名制，及不(bu)簽訂、不(bu)履行勞(lao)動合同等違(wei)法違(wei)規行為(wei)，將(jiang)嚴管重罰。

按月支付

工(gong)資直接(jie)劃(hua)入農(nong)民工(gong)個人(ren)賬戶

現狀(zhuang)：目前，一些施工單位(wei)給農民(min)工每月支付(fu)的是生活費，工資到年(nian)底一次性支付(fu)，這就(jiu)留(liu)下了(le)很大的隱患。

規定：《通知(zhi)》明確，今后我區(qu)全面實行銀行代發工資(zi)和按月(yue)足額支(zhi)付工資(zi)制度。全區(qu)房屋建筑和市政(zheng)工程施工總(zong)承包企業(ye)要按月(yue)足額支(zhi)付農民工工資(zi)，工資(zi)標(biao)準(zhun)不得低于當地最低工資(zi)標(biao)準(zhun)。新開工的(de)房屋建筑和市政(zheng)工程項目，可(ke)委托銀行代發工資(zi)，直接將工資(zi)劃入農民工個人工資(zi)賬戶(hu)，嚴禁將工資(zi)通過不具備(bei)用工主體資(zi)格(ge)的(de)組織和個人轉(zhuan)發放。

解讀：業內(nei)人士表(biao)示，這樣的做(zuo)法有利于明確(que)企業工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)支付主體責(ze)任，防止(zhi)工(gong)(gong)程建設領域將農民工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)支付給不具備用(yong)工(gong)(gong)主體資(zi)(zi)(zi)格的自然人，導致農民工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)拖欠。

防欠(qian)新招(zhao)

民(min)工(gong)工(gong)資款(kuan)與工(gong)程款(kuan)分賬(zhang)管理

現狀：有(you)行業人士透露，當前，部分施工(gong)企(qi)業拖(tuo)欠農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)工(gong)資的(de)借(jie)口是工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)款(kuan)未撥(bo)付到位。有(you)的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項目工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)款(kuan)已經支付了(le)80%以上，但仍(reng)然拖(tuo)欠農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)工(gong)資。甚至(zhi)有(you)的(de)施工(gong)企(qi)業、勞(lao)務公司或包(bao)工(gong)頭還將農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)工(gong)資與工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)款(kuan)捆綁在一起，為了(le)討要(yao)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)款(kuan)而故意不支付農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)工(gong)資。

規定：為了解決(jue)這一問題，《通知》明確提出，農民工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)與工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)款(kuan)將“分(fen)賬(zhang)管理(li)”。全區(qu)各項目(mu)在簽訂施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)合同(tong)時，應(ying)在合同(tong)中明確農民工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)款(kuan)與其(qi)他工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)款(kuan)分(fen)賬(zhang)管理(li)的具(ju)體(ti)辦法。施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企業原則上均應(ying)開設(she)(she)農民工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)專用賬(zhang)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)，并由建設(she)(she)單(dan)位和開戶(hu)(hu)(hu)銀(yin)行共同(tong)監(jian)管。建設(she)(she)單(dan)位應(ying)當按照工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)承包(bao)合同(tong)約(yue)定的比例，將施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)總承包(bao)企業提供的農民工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)款(kuan)單(dan)列，優先將應(ying)付工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)款(kuan)中的工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)款(kuan)單(dan)獨(du)撥付到(dao)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)總承包(bao)企業開設(she)(she)的專用賬(zhang)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)，專門發放農民工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)。

同(tong)時，我(wo)區將全面(mian)實施農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)保(bao)證金制度。除處理本項目拖(tuo)欠農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)案件(jian)外，任(ren)何單(dan)位、組織和個人不得動用農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)保(bao)證金。

聯合(he)懲(cheng)戒(jie)

拖欠(qian)農(nong)民工(gong)工(gong)資將(jiang)進黑名單

規定：據悉，今后，我區將(jiang)(jiang)加大違法(fa)違規行(xing)為及農民(min)工(gong)(gong)欠(qian)薪(xin)案(an)件查(cha)(cha)處(chu)力度，嚴厲查(cha)(cha)處(chu)違法(fa)發包(bao)、違法(fa)分包(bao)、轉(zhuan)包(bao)、掛靠(kao)等行(xing)為。同時(shi)，各級住建主管部門將(jiang)(jiang)建立欠(qian)薪(xin)預警監控機制，把存(cun)在舉報投訴、日常(chang)管理薄弱現象，涉嫌違法(fa)發包(bao)、轉(zhuan)包(bao)或(huo)違法(fa)分包(bao)、掛靠(kao)等行(xing)為，以及因(yin)工(gong)(gong)程款支付不及時(shi)等有可能(neng)發生欠(qian)薪(xin)的(de)建筑業企業或(huo)工(gong)(gong)程項(xiang)目，列(lie)為重(zhong)點監控對象。

措施(shi)(shi)：對(dui)措施(shi)(shi)不(bu)落實、執(zhi)行規定不(bu)力(li)、責任心不(bu)強、處理不(bu)妥當、因欠薪導致發(fa)生群體性事件(jian)和極(ji)端性事件(jian)并造成嚴重后果的企業(ye)，納入(ru)我區建(jian)筑市場“黑名單(dan)”。在“黑名單(dan)”有效期內，嚴禁(jin)參與我區房(fang)屋建(jian)筑和市政(zheng)工(gong)程項目投標。